ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ БИОМАРКЕРЫ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО ИНДУЦИРОВАННОГО СТРЕССА

Антон Алексеевич Пашков, Иван Сергеевич Дахтин, Надежда Сагитьяновна Харисова

Аннотация


Представлены результаты анализа опубликованных за рубежом психофизиологических исследований, посвященных проблеме использования электроэнцефалографических (ЭЭГ) показателей в качестве объективных и надежных биомаркеров стресса, экспериментально вызванного у испытуемых в лабораторных условиях. Описаны основные экспериментальные протоколы, используемые для индуцирования стресса у здоровых испытуемых. На основании анализа опубликованных работ выделены и детально описаны основные электроэнцефалографические биомаркеры стресса, представлены возможные перспективы использования данных маркеров в клинической практике для диагностики психических расстройств и формирование группы мишеней для исследования в условиях экспериментального воздействия и терапии.

Проанализированы принципиальные ограничения использования электроэнцефалографических биомаркеров в качестве основного диагностического инструмента в фундаментальных научных и прикладных исследованиях. Дано представление о перспективах дальнейшего использования данных ЭЭГ для изучения феномена стресса. Показано, что ЭЭГ- и биомаркеры вызванных потенциалов (ВП-биомаркеры) наряду с клиническими (нейроэндокринными, иммунными и т. п.) биомаркерами и биомаркерами, полученными при использовании других методов нейровизуализации (позитронно-эмиссионной томографии, ПЭТ и функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии, фМРТ), являются информативным инструментом диагностики стресса и его последствий.


Ключевые слова


стресс, электроэнцефалография, биомаркеры.

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Литература


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/psy170407

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