математическое моделирование, множественность критериев эффективности, оптимальность по Парето, метод анализа иерархий
Abstract
A political process is a complex management system that includes, for instance, economics, electoral processes, and ecology. To make decisions when managing such a system, it is necessary to use some rules that allow to intentionally choose the best or an acceptable option. Such rules are called performance criteria. This paper discusses problems that affect different aspects of the management systems of political processes, and when choosing a solution, it is necessary to evaluate options using several criteria. These are called multicriteria problems. They emerge in strategic planning of a system, its forecasting and development. The goal of the study is to consider methods and tools of solving multicriteria problems ari-sing while managing political processes. We discuss mathematical methods that help discard solutions, which are, in all respects, worse than others, and choose a compromise option from the remaining ones. Methods. We analyzed various methods of choosing a compromise solution, their advantages and disadvantages, and identified their areas of use. First, we consider various options for condensing the criteria and illustrate their positive and negative sides. Then, we describe the procedure for constructing a set of Pareto optimal solutions. Another method is the method of successive concessions, which is a procedure for choosing a solution in a dialogue (interactive) setting. Finally, we describe a decision-making procedure based on the analytic hierarchy process. Results. The paper shows the effectiveness of applying mathematical methods to solve multicriteria problems in managing political processes. The paper concludes with an example of a solution of a management problem in accordance with all the requirements we consider. Conclusion. The use of mathematical modeling and methods to solve multi-criteria management problems helps politicians make efficient decisions in their work and provides them with communication tools by using professional mathematical language.
Author Biographies
Yakov D. Gelrud, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Ass. Prof., Prof. of the Department of International Relations, Political Science and Regional Studies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk
Lyudmila I. Shestakova, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk
Сand. Sci. (Eng.), Ass. Prof., Ass. Prof. of the Department of International Relations, Political Science and Regional Studies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk
Evgeny V. Gusev, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Prof. of the Department of Digital Economics and Information Technologies, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Vladimir L. Kodkin, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Department of Electric Drive, Mechatronics and Electromechanics, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Vladimir I. Shiryaev, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of the Department of Automatic Control Systems, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
