DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF RURAL TERRITORY DEVELOPMENT (CASE STUDY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)

Abstract

Throughout the history of modern Russia, rural areas have been a focus of attention and a priority for the government regulation of their support and development. Despite the progressive growth of the agro-industrial sector, rural areas as a source of economic activity do not provide local residents with an income sufficient to maintain a standard of living comparable to the urban population. This leads to the outflow of the working-age population from most rural areas of Russia. To improve the quality of life for the rural population, the Russian Government has developed a range of programs, including measures to address the demographic challenges of rural areas. This article aims to analyze the dy-namics of demographic processes in the rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the context of implementating federal and regional programs for their sustainable development, as well as to identify factors influencing the demographic situation in the region. The first hypothesis of this study is the insufficient effectiveness of measures taken at various levels of economic governance to achieve positive migration flows and improve the demographic situation in the rural areas of the Re-public of Bashkortostan. The second hypothesis suggests that sociocultural factors have a significant influence on the demographic behavior of rural residents. The research methodology is based on the use of statistical data analysis methods, their consistent generalization, and comparison with the re-sults of sociological research to identify trends and patterns in the demographic situation in the rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan within the context of implementing comprehensive develop-ment programs. Based on the research findings, the authors formulated several conclusions and of-fered recommendations to improve the demographic situation in the rural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan, confirming the practical significance of the study and the applicability of the pro-posed recommendations to solving demographic problems in the rural areas of other Russian regions.