METHODS FOR CALCULATING THE RESOURCE OF JOURNAL BEARINGS AT EARLY STAGES OF DESIGNING PISTON AND ROTARY MACHINES
Keywords:
journal bearings, resource, calculation methodology, modeling, wear rateAbstract
Ensuring the required level of reliability of machines and mechanisms at the design stagehas always been relevant. For this, at different stages of design, a wide range of specialized software is used, which is based on mathematical models, methods and techniques for calculating individual mates of machine parts. Plain bearings, as a rule, are interfaces that limit the reliability
and service life of machines, since bearing failures lead to a stop of machines and production
processes. The problem of forecasting and ensuring the technical resource of machines is becoming increasingly important in connection with the increase in their load on modern machines (in
particular, internal combustion engines). This article describes a methodology for calculating the
resource of hydrodynamic plain bearings, based on the joint solution of hydrodynamic and contact problems. The basis of the technique and its distinctive feature is the mathematical model of
the viscosity of the lubricant, which reflects the phenomenon of the formation and destruction of
the adsorption boundary layer on the bearing friction surfaces. The result of solving the hydrodynamic problem for a plain bearing is a set of interrelated hydromechanical characteristics. The
minimum thickness of the lubricant layer and its distribution along the angular coordinate or during the loading cycle, the parameters of the roughness of the bearing surfaces are key for calculating the wear rate and bearing life. An example of the practical application of the technique for
assessing the effect of individual antiwear properties of engine oil on the wear rate of the connecting rod bearing of the crankshaft of the KamAZ-740 engine, as well as the effect of the liner
surface roughness on the bearing load capacity is presented. Further directions of the development of the technique are noted: the assessment of abrasive wear of the bearing, the assessment
of the fatigue life of the liner surface, as well as the development of algorithms for constructing
the bearing wear curve
References
Авдонькин, Ф.Н. Текущий ремонт автомобилей / Ф.Н. Авдонькин. – М.: Транспорт, 1978. –
с.
Авдонькин, Ф.Н. Критерии предельного состояния подшипников коленчатого вала / Ф.Н.
Авдонькин, А.С. Денисов // Надёжность и контроль качества. – 1976. – № 4. – С. 36–41.
Авдонькин, Ф.Н. рогнозирование изменения технического состояния подшипников коленчатого вала / Ф.Н. Авдонькин, А.С. Денисов // Автомобильная промышленность. – 1975. – № 7. – С. 4–5.
Денисов, А.С. Анализ изменения технического состояния ресурсоопределяющих элементов дизелей КамАЗ в процессе эксплуатации / А.С. Денисов, А.Р. Асоян, В. . Захаров // Известия ВолгГТУ. – 2011. – № 8(81). – С. 32–35.
Крагельский, И.В. Трение, изнашивание и смазка: справочник. В 2 кн./ под ред. И.В. Крагельского, В.В. Алисина. – М.: Машиностроение, 1978. – Кн. 1. – 400 с.
Лукинский, В.С. рогнозирование надёжности автомобилей / В.С. Лукинский, Е.И. Зайцев. – Л.: олитехника, 1991. – 224 с.
Захаров, С.М. Гидродинамическая теория смазки // в кн. «Современная трибология: итоги и перспективы» / под ред. К.В. Фролова. – М.: Изд-во ЛКИ, 2008. – С. 95–157.
Румб, В.К. рогнозирование долговечности подшипников коленчатых валов судовых дизелей / В.К. Румб // Двигателестроение. – 2009. – № 1. – С. 15–17.
Захаров, С.М. рогнозирование показателей износостойкости нестационарнонагруженных опор скольжения силовых установок с помощью метода имитационного моделирования / С.М. Захаров // Трение и износ. – 1982. – Том 3, № 5. – С. 789–800.
Черепанов, Д.А. Расчётно-экспериментальная модель изнашивания опор скольжения коленчатых валов поршневых ДВС: дис. … канд. техн. наук / Д.А. Черепанов. – С б.: С бГ У,
– 168 с.
Nikolic, N. An Algorithm for Obtaining Conditional Wear Diagram of IC Engine Crankshaft Main Journals / N. Nikolic, T. Torovic, Z. Antonic, J. Doric // FME Transactions. – 2011. – Vol. 39. –
Р. 157–164.
Nikolic, N. A procedure for constructing a theoretical wear diagram of IC engine crankshaft main bearings / N. Nikolic, T. Torovic, Z. Antonic // Mechanism and Machine Theory. – 2012. – Vol. 58. – Р. 120–136.
Крагельский, И.В. Трение, изнашивание и смазка: справочник. В 2 кн. / под ред. И.В. Крагельского, В.В. Алисина. – М.: Машиностроение, 1978. – Кн.2. – 358 с.
Гриб, В.В. Расчёт ресурса и износа узлов трения численными методами // в кн. «Теория и практика расчётов деталей машин на износ». – М.: Наука, 1982. – С. 106–110.
Sander D.E., Allmaier H. Friction and wear analysis of journal bearings exposed to repeated start and stop cycles // 16th EDF, Pprime Workshop:“Behaviour of journal and thrust bearings under
transient and mixed lubrication regime”, Futuroscope, October 5 & 6, 2017.
Bergmann, P. Modeling Wear of Journal Bearings / P. Bergmann, F. Grün // Montanuniversität Leoben, Department Product Engineering. vol. 6, no. 27; 2018, 2018. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants6010027.
Bonneau, D. Mixed Lubrication in Hydrodinamic Bearings // D. Bonneau, A. Fatu, D. Souchet. – ISTE Ltd, London, 2014. – 172 р.
Fillon, M. and Bouyer, J. (2004), “Thermo Hydrodynamic Analysis of a Worn Plain Journal Bearing,” Tribol. Int., 37, pp. 129–136.
Bouyer J., Fillon M., Pierre-Danos I. Influence of wear on the behavior of a two-lobe hydrodynamic journal bearing subjected to numerous startups and stops // Journal of Tribology. – 2007. –
Vol. 129. – Р. 205–208.
Awasthi R.K., Sharma S.C., Jain S.C. Performance of worn non-recessed hole-entry hybrid journal bearings // Tribology International. – 2007. – Vol. 40. – Р. 717–734.
Nikolakopoulos, P.G., Papadopoulos C.A. A study of friction in worn misaligned journal bearings under severe hydrodynamic lubrication / Tribology International. – 2008. – Vol. 41. – Р. 461–472.
DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2007.10.00.
Kim N.H., Won D., Burris D., et al. Finite element analysis and experiments of metal/metal wear in oscillatory contacts // Wear. – 2005. – Vol. 258. – Р. 1787–1793.
Refined simulation of friction power loss in crank shaft slider bearings considering wear in the mixed lubrication regime / C. Priestner, H. Allmaier, H.H. Priebsch, C. Forstner // Tribology International. – 2012. – Vol. 46. – Р. 200–207.
Predicting friction reliably and accurately in journal bearings – The importance of extensive oil-models / H. Allmaier, C. Priestner, F.M. Reich // Tribology International. – 2012. – Vol. 48. – Р. 93–
Gulwadi, S.D. Journal Bearing Analysis in Engines Using Simulation Techiques / S.D. Gulwadi, G. Shrimpling // SAE 2003-01-0245.
Bartel, D. Simulating transient wear characteristics of journal bearings subjected to mixed friction / D. Bartel, L. Bobach, T. Illner and L. Deters // Journal of Engineering Tribology. – 2012. –
P. 1–14. DOI: 10.1177/1350650112454510.
Sander, D.E. Simulation of journal friction in severe mixed lubrication – Validation and effect of surface smoothing due to running-in / D.E. Sander, H. Allmaier, H.H. Priebsch et al. // Tribology international. – 2015. – Vol. 96. – P. 173–183. DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.12.024
Bergmann, P. Evaluation of Wear Phenomena of Journal Bearings by Close to Component Testing and Application of a Numerical Wear Assessment / P. Bergmann, F. Grun, F. Summer, I. Godor// Lubricants. – 2018. – Vol. 65, № 6. – P. 25. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants6030065.
Christoph Knauder, Hannes Allmaier, David E. Sander and Theodor Sams. Investigations of the Friction Losses of Different Engine Concepts. Part 1: A Combined Approach for Applying Subassembly Resolved Friction Loss Analysis on a Modern Passenger-Car Diesel Engine // Lubricants. – 2019. – № 7. – Vol. 39. DOI: 10.3390/lubricants7050039.
Kalogiannis, K., Desai, P., Mian, O., and Mainwaring, R. Simulated Bearing Durability and Friction Reduction with Ultra-Low Viscosity Oils // SAE Technical Paper 2018-01-1802. – 2018. DOI:
4271/2018-01-1802.
Прокопьев, В.Н. Совершенствование методики расчёта сложнонагруженных подшипников скольжения, смазываемых неньютоновскими маслами / В.Н. Прокопьев, Е.А. Задорожная,
В.Г. Караваев, И.Г. Леванов // Проблемы машиностроения и надёжности машин. – 2010. – № 1. – С. 63–67.
Задорожная, Е.А. Механизм образования граничных слоёв и реологическая модель вязкости тонких слоёв смазочного материала / Е.А. Задорожная, И.В. Мухортов, И.Г. Леванов //
Вестник Оренбургского государственного университета. – 2014. – № 10 (171). – С. 76–81.
Буяновский, И.А. Граничная смазка адсорбционным слоем / И.А. Буяновский // Трение и износ. – 2010. – Т. 31, № 1. – С. 48–67.
Икрамов, У.А. Расчётные методы оценки абразивного износа. – М.: Машиностроение, 1987. – 288 с.
