Космос, Земля и суперкомпьютинг: сопряженные задачи экологии, климата, мониторинга и дистанционного зондирования Земли, гиперспектральный подход и нанодиагностика природных сред (посвящается 65-летию ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша РАН)
Аннотация
Сложнейшие задачи эволюции, климата, экологии, глобального мониторинга и дистанционного зондирования Земли (ДЗЗ) с гиперспектральными подходами и нанодиагностикой природной среды и объектов впервые предлагается рассматривать как сопряженные. Электромагнитное излучение — единое физическое поле, объединяющее радиационное поле Земли с радиационно-активными компонентами. Например, извержение вулканов и трансграничный перенос загрязнений, которые влияют на экологию и состояние окружающей среды, могут быть обнаружены методами ДЗЗ, а далее через перенос лучистой энергии, зависящей от загрязнителей природных сред, может влиять на климат и в конечном итоге на тренд эволюции Земли как планеты. Непреодолимая сложность проблемы состоит в том, что для исследований планеты не допустимы натуральные эксперименты и возможны только мониторинг и наблюдения разными средствами, с одной стороны, а с другой стороны на момент измерений радиации невозможно восстановить весь набор оптико-геофизических и оптико-метеорологических параметров системы «атмосфера-суша-океан», от которых зависит радиация, и не возможно повторить условия наблюдений, так как среда непрерывно изменяется и никогда не повторяется. И только математическое моделирование «больших» прямых и обратных задач теории переноса излучения с параллельным суперкомпьютингом позволяет провести теоретико-расчетные исследования столь сложных проблем и получить качественные и количественные оценки для анализа и прогнозов, а также для разных тематических приложений на основе «сценариев».
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/cmse180401