TECHNOLOGICAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: IDENTIFICATION PROBLEMS
Keywords:
innovative activity, innovative entrepreneurship, technological entrepreneurship, technological innovations, startup, theories of technological entrepreneurship, innovation policy.Abstract
Technological entrepreneurship is a locomotive for the development of the economy of any government and the world economy as a whole, which has survived the turmoil from the economic crises and latest events concerning coronavirus. Despite the importance of this type of entrepreneurship, a single approach towards understanding its content has not yet been developed. In this connection, the research aimed at systematizing the existing knowledge and its development through the formation of certain interpretations has become relevant. And this has become the goal of this work.
The content analysis and systematization of the existing definitions of the technological entrepreneurship category has been conducted. As a result, it has been found that understanding of the essence of this economic phenomenon today is extremely multifaceted: from the transformation of fundamental knowledge to the investment into innovation and science. At the same time, all definitions are based, as a rule, on 5 key approaches: process, financial, macroeconomic, competence and functional approaches. The limitations of the existing definitions have also been highlighted, and an original interpretation, aimed at eliminating those, has been proposed. Another result of the work has become the set of basic necessary competencies of a technology entrepreneur, defined by the authors, among which the key skills are the skills of a manager, lawyer, financier, merchant, patent attorney, and technology transfer specialist. At the end of the study, the factors leading to the opening of technology startups and the classification features of technology entrepreneurship have been identified. The research results are both of theoretical (associated with the growth of knowledge in this area) and practical (allowing entrepreneurs to better understand the process of managing this type of innovation) importance.
References
Bailetti T. Technology Entrepreneurship: Overview, Definition, and Distinctive Aspects // Technology Innovation Management Review. – 2012. – No. 2(2). – P. 5–12. DOI: 10.22215/timreview/520.
Nichols S.P., Armstrong N.E. Engineering Entrepreneurship: Does Entrepreneurship Have A Role In Engineering Education? // IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine. – 2003. – Vol. 45, No. 1. –
P. 134–138. DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2003.1189659.
Shane S., Venkataraman S. The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research // The Academy of Management Review. – 2000. – Vol. 25, No. 1. – P. 217–226. DOI: 10.2307/259271.
Ferreira J.J.M., Ferreira FA.F., Fernandes C.I.M.A.S., Jalali M.S., Raposo M.L., Marques C.S. What Do We [Not] Know About Technology Entrepreneurship Research? // International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. – 2016. – No. 12(3). – P. 713–733. DOI: 10.1007/s11365-015-0359-2.
Dorf R.C., Byers T.H. Technology Ventures: From Idea to Enterprise // 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, New York, 2007.
Mosey S., Guerreo M., Greenman A. Technology entrepreneurship research opportunities: insights from across Europe // Journal of Technology Transfer. – 2016.
Барыкин А.Н., Искрянников В.О. Белые пятна теории и практики технологического предпринимательства // Менеджмент инноваций. – 2010. – № 03(11). – С. 203.
Корзюк Д.И., Текучёва С.Н. Сущность технологического предпринимательства // International journal of Proffesinal Science. – 2018. – № 3. – С. 16.
Ковалевич Д.А., Щедровицкий П.Г. Конвейер инноваций / Агентство стратегических инициатив по продвижению новых проектов. – 2016. [Электронный ресурс] – Режим доступа: https://asi.ru/conveyor-of-innovations.
Фирсов М.В. Развитие технологического предпринимательства и стартапов в контексте исследовательской деятельности обучающихся в системе СПО. – Н. Новгород : Нижегородский институт развития образования, 2018. – 130 с.
Foss N.J., Lindenberg S. Micro-Foundations for Strategy: A Goal-Framing Perspective on the Drivers of Value Creation // Academy of Management Perspectives. – 2013. – No. 27(2). DOI: 10.2139/ ssrn.2237857.
Jones Evans D. A typology of technology based entrepreneurs: A model based on previous occupational background, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 1995; 1(1): 26-47. DOI: 10.1108/13552559510079751.
Liu T.-H., Chu Y.-Y., Hung S.-C., Wu S.-Y.. Technology Entrepreneurial Styles: A Comparison Of UMC and TSMC. International Journal of Technology Management (IJTM), 2005; 29(1/2):92–115.
Jelinek M. «Thinking Technology» In Mature Industry Firms: Understanding Technology Entrepre-neurship. International Journal Of Technology Management, 1996; 11(7-8): 799–813.
Garud R., Karnøe P. Bricolage Versus Breakthrough: Distributed And Embedded Agency; In Technology Entrepreneurship. Research Policy. 2003; 32(2): 277–300. DOI: 10.1016/S0048-7333 (02)00100-2.
Шваб К. Четвертая промышленная революция. – М.: Литрес, 2016. – 230 с.
Рифкин Дж. Третья промышленная революция / Дж. Рифкин. – М.: Альпина нонфикшн, 2017.
Foss N., Klein P., Bylund P. Entrepreneurship and the Economics of the Firm. Handbook on Organisa-tional Entrepreneurship. 2011. DOI: 10.4337/9781849803786.00012.
Casson M., Wadeson N.The Discovery of Opportunities: Extending the Economic Theory of the Entrepreneur. Small Business Economics. 2007; 28: 285–300.
Drori I., Honig B., Wright M.. Transnational Entrepreneurship: An Emergent Field of Study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2009; 33(5): 1001–1022 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00332.x.
Hartmann D.. Turning Technology into Business Using University Patents. Technology Innovation Management Review, 2014; 4(12): 37–43. DOI: 10.22215/timreview/856.
Shane S.A. A General Theory of Entrepreneurship: The Individual-opportunity Nexus. New horizons in entrepreneurship – Edward Elgar Publishing, 2003. 327 p.
Zhao H., Seibert S.E., Hills G.E. The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2005; 90(6): 1265–1272. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1265.
Friedman B.A., Aziz N. Turkey And The United States: Entrepreneurship Activity, Motives, Aspirations, & Perceptions. Int J Bus Soc Sci, 2012; 3(3): 96–107.
Carsrud A., Brännback M. Entrepreneurial Motivations: What Do We Still Need To Know? J Small Bus Manag, 2011; 49(1): 9–26.
Chen S.C., Elston J.A. Entrepreneurial motives and characteristics: an analysis of small restaurant owners. Int J Hosp Manag, 2013; 35:294–305.
Mueller S. L., Thomas A.S. Culture and entrepreneurial potential: a nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. J Bus Ventur, 2001; 16(1): 51–75.
Jayawarna D., Rouse J., Kitching J. Entrepreneur Motivations And Life Course. International Small Business Journal, 2013; 31(1): 34–56. DOI: 10.1177/0266242611401444.
Kazanjian R.K., Drazin r. A stage-contingent model of design and growth for technology based new ventures. Journal of Business Venturing, 1990; 5(3): 137–150. DOI: 10.1016/0883-9026(90)90028-R.
Korunka C., Frank H., Lueger M., Mugler J. The Entrepreneurial Personality in the Context of Resources, Environment, and the Startup Process – A Configurational Approach. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 2003;28(1):23–42. DOI: 10.1111/1540-8520.00030.
Кичигин И.Н. К вопросу о молодежном
технологическом предпринимательстве // Социальные и гуманитарные науки: теория и практика. – 2018. – № 1 (2). – С. 298–303.
