Обзор современных моделей представления дактилоскопических изображений
Аннотация
Идентификация человека по отпечаткам пальцев сегодня является наиболее распространенным методом биометрической идентификации. В статье приводится обзор современных моделей компьютерного представления изображений отпечатков пальцев и методов сравнения отпечатков на базе этих моделей. Рассматриваются представления отпечатка в виде множества частных признаков, множества общих признаков, множества папиллярных линий, а также в виде топологического объекта, содержащего комбинацию признаков. Сформулированы основные преимущества и недостатки этих представлений. Предлагается классификация моделей представления дактилоскопических изображений по степени полноты их описания. Каждый уровень предложенной модели описывает изображение с помощью какой-либо его характеристики (частные признаки, общие признаки, расположение и плотность папиллярных линий, поле направлений) либо в виде некоторого топологического объекта на более высоком уровне. При этом модель каждого уровня может использоваться как в виде самостоятельного представления, так и в комбинации с моделями других уровней, расширяя и дополняя описание изображения. Обзор моделей и методов идентификации опирается на широкий круг патентных материалов, научных статей, свидетельств о регистрации программ за последние несколько лет, что подтверждает актуальность проблемы и проведенного исследования.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/cmse180104